Alloy and carbon tool steel

Carbon tool steels, for hot and cold work

Carbon tool steels:

Steel grades for shallow and deep hardening
N7E - U7A - U7 - C70W1 - C70W2 - 1.1520 - 1.1620 steel
N8E - N8 steel
N9E - N9 steel
N10E - U10A - U10 - C105W1 - C105W2 - 1.1545 - 1.1645 - C105U steel
N11E - N11 steel
N12E - N12 steel

Tool steels for cold work:

Cold work grades
90MnCrV8 - 1.2842 - AISI O2
NC6 steel
NC10 steel
80CrV2 - 1.2235 steel
X210Cr12 - 1.2080 - AISI D4
X153CrMoV12 - 1.2379 - AISI D2
60WCrV8 - 1.2550 - AISI S1
105WCr6 - 1.2419 - AISI O7
45NiCrMo16 - 1.2767 - AISI 6F7
86CrMoV7 - 1.2327

Tool steel for hot work:

Hot work grades
X37CrMoV5-1 - 1.2343 - AISI H11
55NiCrMoV7 - 1.2714 - 56NiCrMoV7 - AISI L6
X30WCrV9-3 - 1.2581
32CrMoV12-28 - 1.2365 - AISI H10

Tool steels - specification and purpose

As the name implies, tool steels are used to make a number of tools for machining, shaping or molding materials at low and high temperatures, hard enough and abrasion resistant to ensure that specific alloys meet certain parameters at elevated temperatures.

Tool steels are used for shaping metals, plastics, glass forming in glass-works, woodworking, paper production, guillotines, blades, drill bits and cutting tools. These are just examples of applications, and the term "tool steel" is permanently granted by the tools made of it during the initial development of the whole subgroup. Today the scope of application is so wide that it is hard to unambiguously catalog all grades to one department.

Tool steels - work environment and grade selection

The working temperature of the tools should not exceed the degree at which the grade is tempered. By increasing the temperature and annealing temperature limit corresponds alloying elements such as Chromium - Cr, Molybdenum - Mo, Vanadium - V Cobalt - Co, and - Tungsten W. In addition, carbon at up to 2.5% in composition is also the most important element determining the hardness and durability of the final material, but it adversely affects the ductility of the steel, fragility is characteristic of the tool products.

The choice of the right tooling species should ensure, for example, in machining units and tool components long-term shape stability, accuracy, abrasion and load resistance, and efficiency. Proper operation of tool steel products also depends on the correct construction of the component, proper operation of the product, and the proper execution of the tool.

In many cases, tool steels during work are heated to extremely high temperatures. Often it is in a fraction of a second, and the product can raise its own temperature up to 1000 ℃, and as a result of overheating and high stress it can deform or even break. In addition to the manufacture of rolled and forged products, other similar products are also found in the group, such as sintered carbides with characteristic chemical composition for high-speed steels and tool steels, and stellit.

Tool steel division

We distinguish 5 sub-groups of tool steel:

Carbon tool steels
Cold work tool steels
Hot work tool steels
Sintered alloy tool steel
High speed steels

Bars, plates, tapes and forgings of tool steel

The above-described non-alloy tool steels, cold work tool steels and hot work tool steels are defined by the standards PN-84/H-85020, PN-86/H-85023, PN-86/H-85021, and IS-63/0644-02, and PN-EN ISO 4957 standard, according to which the following are delivered:

Tool steel sheets according to PN-86/H-92139
Forgings and forged bars from tool steel according to PN-79/H-94500, PN-EN ISO 4957
Tool steel cold-rolled tapes according to PN-77/H-92330-00, PN-77/H-92330-01, PN-H-92330, PN-84/H-92331, PN-75/H-92335, PN-EN 10132-3
Tool steel bars according to PN-93/H-93007, PN-85/H-93002, PN-72/H-93200 PN-EN ISO 4957, PN-55/H-93217, PN-55/H-93218, PN-55/H-93216, PN-62/H-93016
Light bars made of tool steel according to PN-60/H-93010, PN-76/H-93006, PN-62/H-93016, PN-59/H-93241, PN-EN ISO 4957

Alloy and carbon Tool steels