Alloy 2000, 2.4675, UNS N06200, Hastelloy® C-2000 - nickel alloy

Alloy 2000, 2.4675, UNS N06200, Hastelloy® C-2000 - Nickel alloy

Alloy C-2000, 2.4675 – description

Alloy 2000 (N06200, Hastelloy® C-2000) is a Ni-Cr-Mo alloy with Cu as an alloying addition. It can be seen as an improved version of C-22, with generally better resistance to both reducing and oxidizing environments. Ductile, easy to weld, resistant to pitting, crevice attack and stress corrosion cracking, it is one of the most versatile alloys used in chemical processing.

Chemical composition - the combination of ~16% molybdenum and ~1,6% copper provides resistance to reducing media (e.g. dilute hydrochloric or sulfuric acids), while ~23% chromium content provide high resistance to oxidizing acids.

UNS number note - Hastelloy C-2000® falls into the range of N06200, but has a more restricted composition.

Applications

Chemical processing plant components - reactors, heat exchangers, valves, pumps - for both reducing and oxidizing environments.

Physical and mechanical properties

Room temperature physical properties:

• Density: 8.5 g/cm³
• Melting temperature: 1328-1358 °C

High-temperature Coefficient of thermal expansion, from 20°C to:

• 100°C: 12.4 μm/m⋅K
• 200°C: 12.4 μm/m⋅K
• 300°C: 12.6 μm/m⋅K
• 400°C: 12.9 μm/m⋅K
• 500°C: 13.2 μm/m⋅K
• 600°C: 13.3 μm/m⋅K

Thermal conductivity:

• 20°C: 9.1 W/m · K
• 100°C: 10.8 W/m · K
• 200°C: 12.6 W/m · K
• 300°C: 14.1 W/m · K
• 400°C: 16.1 W/m · K
• 500°C: 18.0 W/m · K

Electrical resistivity:

• 20°C: 1.28 μΩ·m
• 100°C: 1.29 μΩ·m
• 200°C: 1.3 μΩ·m
• 300°C: 1.31 μΩ·m
• 400°C: 1.32 μΩ·m
• 500°C: 1.34 μΩ·m
• 600°C: 1.35 μΩ·m

Thermal diffusivity:

• 20°C: 0.025 cm²/s
• 100°C: 0.029 cm²/s
• 200°C: 0.033 cm²/s
• 300°C: 0.036 cm²/s
• 400°C: 0.040 cm²/s
• 500°C: 0.043 cm²/s
• 600°C: 0.047 cm²/s

Specific heat capacity:

• 20°C: 428 J/kg⋅K
• 100°C: 434 J/kg⋅K
• 200°C: 443 J/kg⋅K
• 300°C: 455 J/kg⋅K
• 400°C: 468 J/kg⋅K
• 500°C: 486 J/kg⋅K

Tensile modulus:

• 20°C: 207 GPa
• 300°C: 191 GPa
• 400°C: 180 GPa
• 500°C: 173 GPa
• 600°C: 166 GPa

High-temperature strength properties of the Hastelloy® C-2000 alloy sheet (1,6mm thick) as indicated by the manufacturer:

• 20°C:
  • Yield strength: 359 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 752 MPa
  • Elongation: 64 %
• 93°C:
  • Yield strength: 317 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 738 MPa
  • Elongation: 66% %
• 204°C:
  • Yield strength: 262 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 662 MPa
  • Elongation: 65 %
• 316°C:
  • Yield strength: 234 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 634 MPa
  • Elongation: 68 %
• 427°C:
  • Yield strength: 214 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 614 MPa
  • Elongation: 76 %
• 538°C:
  • Yield strength: 207 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 565 MPa
  • Elongation: 75 %
• 649°C:
  • Yield strength: 207 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 531 MPa
  • Elongation: 62 %

High-temperature strength properties of the Hastelloy® C-2000 alloy plate (12,7mm thick) as indicated by the manufacturer:

• 20°C:
  • Yield strength: 345 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 758 MPa
  • Elongation: 68 %
• 93°C:
  • Yield strength: 317 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 724 MPa
  • Elongation: 68 %
• 204°C:
  • Yield strength: 241 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 669 MPa
  • Elongation: 72 %
• 316°C:
  • Yield strength: 214 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 634 MPa
  • Elongation: 70 %
• 427°C:
  • Yield strength: 193 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 607 MPa
  • Elongation: 72 %
• 538°C:
  • Yield strength: 193 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 572 MPa
  • Elongation: 69 %
• 649°C:
  • Yield strength: 193 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 524 MPa
  • Elongation: 78 %

High-temperature strength properties of the Hastelloy® C-2000 alloy bar (25,4mm in diameter) as indicated by the manufacturer:

• 20°C:
  • Yield strength: 359 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 758 MPa
  • Elongation: 67 %
• 93°C:
  • Yield strength: 303 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 710 MPa
  • Elongation: 68 %
• 204°C:
  • Yield strength: 262 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 634 MPa
  • Elongation: 70 %
• 316°C:
  • Yield strength: 228 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 621 MPa
  • Elongation: 70 %
• 427°C:
  • Yield strength: 207 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 600 MPa
  • Elongation: 71 %
• 538°C:
  • Yield strength: 186 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 565 MPa
  • Elongation: 72 %
• 649°C:
  • Yield strength: 179 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 531 MPa
  • Elongation: 77 %

Tensile properties of Hastelloy® C-2000 plates and sheets as a function of thickness, as indicated by the manufacturer:

• Thickness: 0.6 mm
  • Yield strength: 372 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 752 MPa
  • Elongation: 61 %
• Thickness: 2 mm
  • Yield strength: 359 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 758 MPa
  • Elongation: 64 %
• Thickness: 3.2 mm
  • Yield strength: 359 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 758 MPa
  • Elongation: 64 %
• Thickness: 4.8 mm
  • Yield strength: 407 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 745 MPa
  • Elongation: 63 %
• Thickness: 6.4 mm
  • Yield strength: 393 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 731 MPa
  • Elongation: 63 %
• Thickness: 12.7 mm
  • Yield strength: 365 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 731 MPa
  • Elongation: 69 %
• Thickness: 25.4 mm
  • Yield strength: 359 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 717 MPa
  • Elongation: 71 %
• Thickness: 38.1 mm
  • Yield strength: 331 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 696 MPa
  • Elongation: 76 %

Tensile properties of 2.4675 rods and bars after tempering designated as F69 according to DIN17752:

• Yield strength: >280 MPa
• Tensile strength: >690 MPa
• Elongation: >45 %
• Hardness HBW: <240

Tensile properties of 2.4675 plates, strips and sheets after tempering designated as F69 according to DIN17752:

• Yield strength: >310 MPa
• Tensile strength: >690 MPa
• Elongation: >45 %
• Hardness HBW: <240

Rupture stress of Hastelloy® C-2000 plates:

• 20°C: >264 J
• -196°C: >264 J

Corrosion behaviour

Alloy 2000 has very good resistance to an extensive range of corrosive chemicals, both oxidizing and reducing, for example sulfuric, hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids. It resists oxidizing media containing ferric ions, cupric ions or dissolved oxygen.

Corrosion rate in specific environments:

• Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) 99%, boiling: 0 mm/year
• Chromic acid (H₂CrO₄) 10%°C, at 66°C: 0.1 mm/year
• Chromic acid (H₂CrO₄) 20%°C, at 66°C: 0.61 mm/year
• Formic acid (CH₂O₂) 88%, boiling: 0.01 mm/year
• Hydrobromic acid (HBr) 2,5%, boiling: 0.01 mm/year
• 5%, boiling: 0.15 mm/year
• 7,5%, boiling: 0.58 mm/year
• 10%°C, at 79°C: 0.01 mm/year
• 10%°C, at 93°C: 0.34 mm/year
• 15%°C, at 79°C: 0.1 mm/year
• 20%°C, at 66°C: 0.01 mm/year
• 25%°C, at 52°C: 0.15 mm/year
• 30%°C, at 52°C: 0.2 mm/year
• 30%°C, at 79°C: 0.48 mm/year
• 40%°C, at 52°C: 0.13 mm/year
• 40%°C, at 79°C: 0.32 mm/year
• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 1%, boiling: 0.01 mm/year
• 2%, boiling: 0.09 mm/year
• 3%°C, at 93°C: 0.02 mm/year
• 3%, boiling: 0.36 mm/year
• 3,5%°C, at 79°C: 0.01 mm/year
• 3,5%°C, at 93°C: 0.65 mm/year
• 5%°C, at 79°C: 0.01 mm/year
• 7,5%°C, at 52°C: 0.01 mm/year
• 7,5%°C, at 66°C: 0.57 mm/year
• 10%°C, at 38°C: 0.01 mm/year
• 10%°C, at 52°C: 0.28 mm/year
• 20%°C, at 38°C: 0.16 mm/year
• 20%°C, at 52°C: 0.36 mm/year
• Hydrofluoric acid (HF) 1%°C, at 66°C: 0.08 mm/year
• 1%°C, at 79°C: 0.18 mm/year
• 5%°C, at 52°C: 0.09 mm/year
• 5%°C, at 79°C: 0.57 mm/year
• 10%°C, at 38°C: 0.06 mm/year
• 10%°C, at 66°C: 0.56 mm/year
• 20%°C, at 38°C: 0.21 mm/year
• 20%°C, at 52°C: 0.48 mm/year
• 30%°C, at 38°C: 0.25 mm/year
• 30%°C, at 52°C: 0.62 mm/year
• Nitric acid (HNO₃) 20%, boiling: 0.02 mm/year
• 30%, boiling: 0.09 mm/year
• 40%, boiling: 0.24 mm/year
• 50%, boiling: 0.51 mm/year
• 60%°C, at 93°C: 0.19 mm/year
• 60%, boiling: 0.94 mm/year
• 70%°C, at 93°C: 0.29 mm/year
• 70%, boiling: 1.66 mm/year
• Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) 50%, boiling: 0.03 mm/year
• 60%, boiling: 0.08 mm/year
• 70%, boiling: 0.15 mm/year
• 75%, boiling: 0.84 mm/year
• 80%°C, at 93°C: 0.01 mm/year
• Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) 10%, boiling: 0.09 mm/year
• 20%, boiling: 0.18 mm/year
• 30%, boiling: 0.42 mm/year
• 40%°C, at 93°C: 0.04 mm/year
• 40%, boiling: 1.13 mm/year
• 50%°C, at 93°C: 0.16 mm/year
• 60%°C, at 72°C: 0.02 mm/year
• 60%°C, at 93°C: 0.37 mm/year
• 70%°C, at 72°C: 0.07 mm/year
• 70%°C, at 93°C: 0.42 mm/year
• 80%°C, at 72°C: 0.28 mm/year
• 80%°C, at 93°C: 0.99 mm/year
• 90%°C, at 72°C: 0.07 mm/year
• 90%°C, at 93°C: 0.37 mm/year
• 96%°C, at 72°C: 0.05 mm/year
• 96%°C, at 93°C: 0.19 mm/year

Pitting and crevice corrosion resistance - high. Critical pitting and crevice temperature in acidified 6% FeCl₃ is 145°C and 80°C accordingly.

Stress corrosion cracking resistance - high. Test performed by ASTM Standard G 36 (stressed samples in 45% boiling magnesium chloride solution) showed no cracking after 1008h of testing.

Seawater crevice corrosion resistance - very high. Tests lasting 180 days in standing and flowing water showed no crevice corrosion attack at all.

Weldability

Very good weldability. Group 43 according to ISO 15608.

Selection of welding consumables:

• ENiCrMo-17 / EL-NiCr23Mo16Cu (Electrode)
• ERNiCrMo-17 / SG-NiCr23Mo16Cu (Filler metal)

Corrosion resistance - welds have only slightly impaired corrosion resistance relative to the alloy in the unwelded, homogeneous state. Comparison of the corrosion rates of Hastelloy® C-2000 welds compared to the unwelded product:

• Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) 30%°C, at 66°C: 0.01 mm/year vs. <0,01 mm/year
• 50%°C, at 66°C: 0.01 mm/year vs. <0,01 mm/year
• 70%°C, at 66°C: 0.06 mm/year vs. 0,01 mm/year
• 90%°C, at 66°C: 0.07 mm/year vs. 0,02 mm/year
• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 5%°C, at 38°C: 0.01 mm/year vs. <0,01 mm/year
• 10%°C, at 38°C: 0.05 mm/year vs. <0,01 mm/year
• 15%°C, at 38°C: 0.06 mm/year vs. 0,18 mm/year
• 20%°C, at 38°C: 0.2 mm/year vs. 0,16 mm/year
• Nitric acid (HNO₃) 30%, boiling: 0.1 mm/year vs. 0,09 mm/year

Heat treatment, working and machining

Recommended working and heat treatment parameters:

• Hot working: 1232-954 °C
• Solution-treatment: 1135-1163°C; 30 min; water quench

Hot working - alloy can be hot forged, rolled, upset, extruded and formed. Moderate reductions and frequent re-heating are recommended for optimal results, as the hot working temperature range is quite narrow.

Cold working does not reduce the general corrosion resistance nor chloride-induced pitting resistance, but it can affect resistance to stress corrosion cracking. Thus, after any cold forming that results in an outer fiber elongation of 7% or more, a post-work annealing is recommended.

Solution heat treatment involves holding in ~1149°C and water quenching (<10mm thin pieces can be rapid air cooled). A hold time at the annealing temperature of 10 to 30 minutes is recommended, with thicker structures requiring the full 30 minutes.

We deliver this steel alloy as:

• Plates, strips and sheets according to ASTM B 575 / ASME SB.575, DIN 17750
• Bars according to ASTM B 574 / ASME SB.574, DIN 17752
• Coated electordes according to DIN 2.4699, SFA 5.11 / A 5.11
• Filler metal according to DIN 2.4698, SFA 5.14 / A.14
• Seamless pipes according to ASTM B 622 / ASME SB.622
• Welded pipes according to ASTM B 619 / ASME SB.619, ASTM B 626 / ASME SB.626
• Welding fittings according to ASTM B 366 / ASME SB.366, ASTM B 462 / ASME SB.462
• Forgings according to ASTM B 564 / ASME SB.564, ASTM B 462 / ASME SB.462
• Parts according to NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156, API 6ACRA, Werkstoffblatt 539, Kennblatt 9679, 9678, 9677

Replacements, equivalents and other designations:

Hastelloy C-2000, 2.4675, NiCr23Mo16Cu, Alloy 2000, N06200, ASTM B 366 (CRHC2000) / ASME SB-366 (CRHC2000), ASTM B 462 (N06200) / ASME SB-462 (N06200), ASTM B 472 (N06200) / ASME SB-472 (N06200), ASTM B 474 (N06200) / ASME SB-474 (N06200), ASTM B 564 (N06200) / ASME SB-564 (N06200), ASTM B 574 (N06200) / ASME SB-574 (N06200), ASTM B 575 (N06200) / ASME SB-575 (N06200), ASTM B 619 (N06200) / ASME SB-619 (N06200), ASTM B 622 (N06200) / ASME SB-622 (N06200), ASTM B 626 (N06200) / ASME SB-626 (N06200), ENiCrMo-17, EL-NiCr23Mo16Cu, ERNiCrMo-17, SG-NiCr23Mo16Cu