X45CrSi9-3, 1.4718, Z45CS9 - valve steel
Heat-resistant valve steel X45CrSi9-3, 1.4718, Z45CS9
| Standard | Grade | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical composition % | ||||||||||
| C: | Mn: | Si: | P: | S: | Cr: | Ni: | ||||
| PN | H9S2 | |||||||||
| 0.35-0.5 | <0.7 | 2.0-3.0 | <0.030 | <0.030 | 8.0-10.0 | <0.6 | ||||
| EN | X45CrSi9-3 - 1.4718 | |||||||||
| 0.4-0.5 | <0.6 | 2.7-3.3 | <0.04 | <0.030 | 8.0-10.0 | <0.5 | ||||
| NF | Z45CS9 | |||||||||
| 0.4-0.5 | <0.8 | 2.7-3.3 | <0.04 | <0.030 | 8.0-10.0 | - | ||||
| ASTM | UNS S65007 | |||||||||
| 0.4-0.5 | <0.8 | 2.7-3.3 | <0.04 | <0.030 | 8.0-10.0 | <0.6 | ||||
| ISO | X50CrSi8-2 | |||||||||
| 0.45-0.55 | <6.0 | 1.0 – 2.0 | <0.030 | <0.030 | 7.5-9.5 | <0.6 | ||||
| BS | 401S45 | |||||||||
| 0.4-0.5 | 0.3-0.75 | 3.0-3.75 | <0.04 | <0.030 | 7.5-9.5 | <0.05 | ||||
| STAS | 45SiCr90 | |||||||||
| 0.4-0.5 | <0.6 | 2.7-3.3 | <0.04 | <0.030 | 8.0-10.0 | - | ||||
| GOST | 40Ch9S2 | |||||||||
| 0.35-0.45 | <0.8 | 2.0-3.0 | <0.030 | <0.025 | 8.0-10.0 | <0.6 | ||||
Steel X45CrSi9-3, 1.4718 – description
S65007 is a heat-resistant and creep-resistant silchrome steel used mainly in the automotive industry. It is very similar to X40CrSiMo10-2, but it has smaller molybdenum content, thus it is less resistant to heat and creep in high temperature. The difference is about 50 °C.
Steel X45CrSi9-3 is:
- Valve material
- Resistant to some kinds of gas corrosion
- Hard
- Noticeably resistant to abrasion
- Heat-resistant to 850 °C.
- Creep resistant to 600 °C.
Applications
This alloy is widely used for:
- Diesel engines exhaust valves
- Other internal combustion engines exhaust valves
- Heavy duty inlet valves in cars and motorcycles
Physical properties
The general physical properties of the steel:
- Electrical resistivity: 0.9 μΩ*m
- Density: 7.62g/cm3
- Specific heat capacity: 460 J/kg*K
| Thermal conductivity in given temperature | Temperature [℃] | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20℃ | 133℃ | 255℃ | 563℃ | 769℃ | |||
| H9S2 | 16.7 W/m*K | 16.7 W/m*K | 18.42 W/m*K | 20.9 W/m*K | 20.9 W/m*K | ||
| Linear expansion coefficient: | Temperature range [℃] | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 – 400 | 20 – 500 | 20 – 600 | 20 – 700 | 20 – 800 | |||
| H9S2 | 12.0 *10-6 1/℃ | 12.6 *10-6 1/℃ | 12.9 *10-6 1/℃ | 13.0 *10-6 1/℃ | 13.4 *10-6 1/℃ | ||
X45CrSi9-3 - heat treatment and plastic working
Following parameters are recommended for working and heat treatment
Working: Forging at 900-1150 °C. Heat slowly. Ash or diatomaceous earth cooling.
Heat treatment: The manuals describe several heat treatment processes.
- To achieve 25-35 HRC: Soft annealing at 870 ℃, water or air cooling > Hardening at 1050 ℃, oil or air cooling > tempering at 690 ℃, air cooling.
- To achieve 40-45 HRC: Soft annealing at 870 ℃, water or air cooling > Oil hardening at 1050 ℃, oil or air cooling > tempering at 550 ℃, air cooling.
Improper processing may result in room temperature brittleness.
Welding
N08330 is rarely welded, it is hard but possible. Pre-heating and post-annealing is necessary.
Substitutes, equivalents and other species designations
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