Haynes HR-160®, NiFe28Co30Si3, Ni61060 - nickel metal

Haynes HR-160®, NiCr28Co30Si3, Ni6160 - nickel alloy according to ISO 18274 and other standards

Haynes® HR-160®, NiCr28Co30Si3 – description

Haynes® HR-160® (UNS N12160) is a nickel-cobalt-chromium-silicon alloy with excellent resistance to sulfidation and chloride attack in both reducing and oxidizing environments, good resistance to oxidation, hot corrosion, carburization, nitridation and corrosion induced by other chemical impurities, such as phosphorus or vanadium. All in all, it performs very well in low-quality fuel (biomass, sewage waste, low-grade coal) combustion atmospheres with limited impurities control. 

HR-160 has great welding and forming characteristics. The alloy is covered in ASME Section VII Division 1 for construction up to 815°C. Code Case 2385 covers the alloy for construction up to 982°C. Max thickness of the plate at welded joints - 1.27 cm. 

The austenitic structure of HR-160 is very stable. Long-term aging at 650-870°C does not produce sigma nor mu phases, but Cr₂₃C₆ carbides and Ni₁₆Ti₆Si₇ G phase, which are far less detrimental to the ductility. The alloy is non-magnetic in annealed and cold-worked conditions.

Applications

Used in industrial, municipal, hazadrous waste, and nuclear waste incinerators, coal gasification systems, paper pupl recovery boilers and sulfur processing plants for recuperators, heat exchangers and piping. This article describes how HR-160 is used in syngas generators.

Physical and Tensile Properties

Room temperature physical properties:

• Density: 8.08 g/cm³

High-Temperature Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, from 20°C to:

• 100°C: 13.0 μm/m⋅K
• 200°C: 13.7 μm/m⋅K
• 300°C: 14.0 μm/m⋅K
• 400°C: 14.4 μm/m⋅K
• 500°C: 14.9 μm/m⋅K
• 600°C: 15.5 μm/m⋅K
• 700°C: 15.7 μm/m⋅K
• 800°C: 16.6 μm/m⋅K
• 900°C: 17.1 μm/m⋅K

Specific Heat Capacity:

• 20°C: 462 J/kg⋅K
• 100°C: 587 J/kg⋅K
• 200°C: 506 J/kg⋅K
• 300°C: 521 J/kg⋅K
• 400°C: 542 J/kg⋅K
• 500°C: 562 J/kg⋅K
• 600°C: 597 J/kg⋅K
• 700°C: 653 J/kg⋅K
• 800°C: 672 J/kg⋅K
• 900°C: 689 J/kg⋅K
• 1000°C: 704 J/kg⋅K
• 1100°C: 719 J/kg⋅K
• 1200°C: 732 J/kg⋅K

Electrical Resistivity:

• 100°C: 1.112 μΩ·m
• 200°C: 1.238 μΩ·m
• 300°C: 1.147 μΩ·m
• 400°C: 1.167 μΩ·m
• 500°C: 1.186 μΩ·m
• 600°C: 1.206 μΩ·m
• 700°C: 1.224 μΩ·m
• 800°C: 1.231 μΩ·m
• 900°C: 1.238 μΩ·m
• 1000°C: 1.245 μΩ·m
• 1100°C: 1.252 μΩ·m
• 1200°C: 1.267 μΩ·m

Thermal Diffusivity:

• 20°C: 29.4 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 100°C: 30.8 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 200°C: 33.6 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 300°C: 37.0 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 400°C: 40.6 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 500°C: 44.3 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 600°C: 45.6 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 700°C: 47.2 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 800°C: 48.6 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 900°C: 48.7 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 1000°C: 50.9 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 1100°C: 54.1 10^–6⋅m²/s
• 1200°C: 56.1 10^–6⋅m²/s

Thermal Conductivity:

• 20°C: 10.9 W/m · K
• 100°C: 12.0 W/m · K
• 200°C: 13.6 W/m · K
• 300°C: 15.4 W/m · K
• 400°C: 17.6 W/m · K
• 500°C: 19.9 W/m · K
• 600°C: 21.8 W/m · K
• 700°C: 24.7 W/m · K
• 800°C: 26.1 W/m · K
• 900°C: 26.9 W/m · K
• 1000°C: 28.7 W/m · K
• 1100°C: 31.1 W/m · K
• 1200°C: 32.9 W/m · K

Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity:

• 20°C: 211 GPa
• 50°C: 210 GPa
• 100°C: 207 GPa
• 150°C: 204 GPa
• 200°C: 201 GPa
• 250°C: 198 GPa
• 300°C: 193 GPa
• 350°C: 189 GPa
• 400°C: 185 GPa
• 450°C: 182 GPa
• 500°C: 179 GPa
• 550°C: 176 GPa
• 600°C: 173 GPa
• 650°C: 168 GPa
• 700°C: 163 GPa
• 750°C: 159 GPa
• 800°C: 155 GPa
• 850°C: 151 GPa
• 900°C: 147 GPa

Hot-Rolled and Solutioned Plate Tensile Properties:

• 20°C:
  • Yield strength: 314 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 767 MPa
  • Elongation: 68 %
  • Reduction of Area: 73 %
• 93°C:
  • Yield strength: 279 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 717 MPa
  • Elongation: 69 %
  • Reduction of Area: 74 %
• 204°C:
  • Yield strength: 233 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 675 MPa
  • Elongation: 71 %
  • Reduction of Area: 74 %
• 316°C:
  • Yield strength: 190 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 634 MPa
  • Elongation: 74 %
  • Reduction of Area: 70 %
• 427°C:
  • Yield strength: 179 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 605 MPa
  • Elongation: 76 %
  • Reduction of Area: 68 %
• 538°C:
  • Yield strength: 176 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 564 MPa
  • Elongation: 76 %
  • Reduction of Area: 69 %
• 649°C:
  • Yield strength: 177 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 523 MPa
  • Elongation: 70 %
  • Reduction of Area: 67 %
• 760°C:
  • Yield strength: 170 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 428 MPa
  • Elongation: 73 %
  • Reduction of Area: 64 %
• 870°C:
  • Yield strength: 152 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 264 MPa
  • Elongation: 85 %
  • Reduction of Area: 84 %
• 982°C:
  • Yield strength: 74 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 140 MPa
  • Elongation: 90 %
  • Reduction of Area: 98 %
• 1093°C:
  • Yield strength: 34 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 74 MPa
  • Elongation: 88 %
  • Reduction of Area: 98 %
• 1150°C:
  • Yield strength: 16 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 41 MPa
  • Elongation: 113 %
  • Reduction of Area: 94 %
• 1200°C:
  • Yield strength: 11 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 30 MPa
  • Elongation: 110 %
  • Reduction of Area: 94 %

Solution-Annealed Sheet Tensile Properties:

• 20°C:
  • Yield strength: 353 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 758 MPa
  • Elongation: 63 %
• 538°C:
  • Yield strength: 225 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 569 MPa
  • Elongation: 73 %
• 649°C:
  • Yield strength: 215 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 519 MPa
  • Elongation: 62 %
• 760°C:
  • Yield strength: 212 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 421 MPa
  • Elongation: 47 %
• 870°C:
  • Yield strength: 110 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 241 MPa
  • Elongation: 41 %
• 982°C:
  • Yield strength: 66 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 129 MPa
  • Elongation: 51 %
• 1093°C:
  • Yield strength: 32 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 68 MPa
  • Elongation: 53 %
• 1150°C:
  • Yield strength: 19 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 46 MPa
  • Elongation: 107 %
• 1200°C:
  • Yield strength: 14 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 33 MPa
  • Elongation: 91 %

Hot-Rolled and Solutioned Plate Tensile Properties:

• 20°C:
  • Yield strength: 314 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 767 MPa
  • Elongation: 68 %
  • Reduction of Area: 73 %
• 93°C:
  • Yield strength: 279 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 717 MPa
  • Elongation: 69 %
  • Reduction of Area: 74 %
• 204°C:
  • Yield strength: 233 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 675 MPa
  • Elongation: 71 %
  • Reduction of Area: 74 %
• 316°C:
  • Yield strength: 190 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 634 MPa
  • Elongation: 74 %
  • Reduction of Area: 70 %
• 427°C:
  • Yield strength: 179 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 605 MPa
  • Elongation: 76 %
  • Reduction of Area: 68 %
• 538°C:
  • Yield strength: 176 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 564 MPa
  • Elongation: 76 %
  • Reduction of Area: 69 %
• 649°C:
  • Yield strength: 177 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 523 MPa
  • Elongation: 70 %
  • Reduction of Area: 67 %
• 760°C:
  • Yield strength: 170 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 428 MPa
  • Elongation: 73 %
  • Reduction of Area: 64 %
• 870°C:
  • Yield strength: 152 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 264 MPa
  • Elongation: 85 %
  • Reduction of Area: 84 %
• 982°C:
  • Yield strength: 74 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 140 MPa
  • Elongation: 90 %
  • Reduction of Area: 98 %
• 1093°C:
  • Yield strength: 34 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 74 MPa
  • Elongation: 88 %
  • Reduction of Area: 98 %
• 1150°C:
  • Yield strength: 16 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 41 MPa
  • Elongation: 113 %
  • Reduction of Area: 94 %
• 1200°C:
  • Yield strength: 11 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 30 MPa
  • Elongation: 110 %
  • Reduction of Area: 94 %

Thermal Stability, room-temperature tensile strength after aging:

• no aging
  • Yield strength: 338 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 825 MPa
  • Elongation: 64.1 %
  • Reduction of Area: 70.6 %
  • Impact Energy: 357 J
• 650°C, 50000h:
  • Yield strength: 371 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 927 MPa
  • Elongation: 28.3 %
  • Reduction of Area: 22.1 %
  • Impact Energy: 29 J
• 760°C, 20000h:
  • Yield strength: 301 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 744 MPa
  • Elongation: 20.2 %
  • Reduction of Area: 19.3 %
  • Impact Energy: 16 J
• 870°C, 8000h:
  • Yield strength: 308 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 792 MPa
  • Elongation: 24.8 %
  • Reduction of Area: 22.6 %
  • Impact Energy: 21 J
• 870°C, 50000h:
  • Yield strength: 282 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 594 MPa
  • Elongation: 17.4 %
  • Reduction of Area: 14.5 %
  • Impact Energy: 11 J
• 980°C, 8000h:
  • Yield strength: 298 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 795 MPa
  • Elongation: 44.4 %
  • Reduction of Area: 38 %
  • Impact Energy: 59 J
• 980°C, 16000h:
  • Yield strength: 299 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 788 MPa
  • Elongation: 49.4 %
  • Reduction of Area: 42 %
  • Impact Energy: 73 J
• 1095°C, 8000h:
  • Yield strength: 259 MPa
  • Tensile strength: 691 MPa
  • Elongation: 64.6 %
  • Reduction of Area: 60.1 %
  • Impact Energy: 358 J

1.0% Creep Data, Plate, Solutioned:

• 540°C, 100h: 203 MPa
• 540°C, 1000h: 141 MPa
• 540°C, 10000h: 100 MPa
• 650°C, 100h: 131 MPa
• 650°C, 1000h: 91 MPa
• 650°C, 10000h: 64 MPa
• 705°C, 100h: 86 MPa
• 705°C, 1000h: 60 MPa
• 705°C, 10000h: 43 MPa
• 760°C, 100h: 59 MPa
• 760°C, 1000h: 41 MPa
• 760°C, 10000h: 29 MPa
• 815°C, 100h: 41 MPa
• 815°C, 1000h: 28 MPa
• 815°C, 10000h: 20 MPa
• 870°C, 100h: 29 MPa
• 870°C, 1000h: 20 MPa
• 870°C, 10000h: 14 MPa
• 925°C, 100h: 21 MPa
• 925°C, 1000h: 14 MPa
• 925°C, 10000h: 10 MPa
• 980°C, 100h: 15 MPa
• 980°C, 1000h: 10 MPa
• 980°C, 10000h: 8 MPa

Rupture Strength, Plates, Solutioned:

• 590°C, 100h: 315 MPa
• 590°C, 1000h: 223 MPa
• 590°C, 10000h: 158 MPa
• 590°C, 100000h: 133 MPa
• 650°C, 100h: 223 MPa
• 650°C, 1000h: 154 MPa
• 650°C, 10000h: 108 MPa
• 650°C, 100000h: 76 MPa
• 705°C, 100h: 158 MPa
• 705°C, 1000h: 108 MPa
• 705°C, 10000h: 75 MPa
• 705°C, 100000h: 51 MPa
• 760°C, 100h: 113 MPa
• 760°C, 1000h: 76 MPa
• 760°C, 10000h: 51 MPa
• 760°C, 100000h: 34 MPa
• 815°C, 100h: 81 MPa
• 815°C, 1000h: 53 MPa
• 815°C, 10000h: 35 MPa
• 815°C, 100000h: 23 MPa
• 870°C, 100h: 58 MPa
• 870°C, 1000h: 38 MPa
• 870°C, 10000h: 25 MPa
• 870°C, 100000h: 17 MPa
• 930°C, 100h: 42 MPa
• 930°C, 1000h: 27 MPa
• 930°C, 10000h: 17 MPa
• 930°C, 100000h: 11 MPa
• 980°C, 100h: 30 MPa
• 980°C, 1000h: 19 MPa
• 980°C, 10000h: 12 MPa
• 980°C, 100000h: 8 MPa

0.5% Creep Data, Sheet, Solutioned:

• 650°C, 100h: 110 MPa
• 650°C, 10000h: 86 MPa
• 705°C, 100h: 79 MPa
• 705°C, 10000h: 63 MPa
• 760°C, 100h: 59 MPa
• 760°C, 10000h: 47 MPa
• 815°C, 100h: 43 MPa
• 815°C, 10000h: 34 MPa
• 870°C, 100h: 32 MPa
• 870°C, 10000h: 23 MPa
• 930°C, 100h: 22 MPa
• 930°C, 10000h: 14 MPa
• 980°C, 100h: 14 MPa
• 980°C, 10000h: 8 MPa

Corrosion Resistance

High-temperature oxidation - very good resistance. 1008h long flowing air oxidation test results:

• 980°C:
  • Metal loss: 18 μm
  • Average metal affected: 140 μm
• 1090°C:
  • Metal loss: 43 μm
  • Average metal affected: 262 μm
• 1150°C:
  • Metal loss: 64 μm
  • Average metal affected: 406 μm
• 1200°C:
  • Metal loss: 91 μm
  • Average metal affected: 559 μm

High-temperature oxidation - very good resistance up to 1100°C. Static air oxidation test results (cycled once a month):

• 980°C, duration 17,280 h:
  • Metal loss: 30 μm
  • Average metal affected: 305 μm
• 1090°C, duration 8,640 h:
  • Metal loss: 69 μm
  • Average metal affected: 709 μm
• 1150°C, duration 8,640 h:
  • Metal loss: 135 μm
  • Average metal affected: 1133 μm
• 1200°C, duration 8,640 h:
  • Metal loss: 226 μm
  • Average metal affected: >6350 μm

High-temperature Carburization - very good resistance. Test results after the exposure to graphite at 980°C for 500 hours:

• Carbon absorption: 0.3 mg/cm²
• Total depth of attack: 0 mm

High-temperature Nitridation - excellent resistance. Results of 168 hours long testing in hot ammonia:

• 650°C:
  • Nitrogen absorption: 0.8 mg/cm²
  • Depth of nitride penetration: 0.01 mm
• 980°C:
  • Nitrogen absorption: 1.7 mg/cm²
  • Depth of nitride penetration: 0.18 mm
• 1090°C:
  • Nitrogen absorption: 2.5 mg/cm²
  • Depth of nitride penetration: 0.46 mm

High-temperature Sulfidation - very good resistance. HR-160, thanks to its high content of nickel, cobalt, chromium, and silicon (as much as 2.75%), forms a protective layer. Test results of sulfidation at a temperature of 870°C, conducted in Ar-5H₂-5CO-1CO₂-0.15H₂S:

• Weight change: 0.5 mg/cm²
• Metal loss: 0.01 mm
• Average metal affected: 0.13 mm

High-temperature Chloridation - very good resistance. After 75h in Ar-20%O₂-2%H₂O-0.05%NaCl at 999°C, the total depth of attack was only 0.31mm.

Waste Incineration Environments - excellent resistance, which is supported by the field testing results in a chemical waste incinerator. After 5800h at 482°C in the flue gas stream, HR-160 alloy showed very little scaling and metal wastage.

Heat Treatment, Working and Machining

Standard recommended working and heat treatment parameters:

• Solution-treatment: 1121°C; water quench
• Intermediate annealing: 1066°C

Good weldability with all welding techniques except of SAW welding, which may promote cracking. Post-weld heat treatment is generally not required. Interpass temperature should be maintained below 200°C. Bare welding rod and wire designation: ERNiCoCrSi-1 / SFA 5.14 / A 5.14

We deliver this steel alloy as:

• Plates, sheets, strips according to ASTM B 435 / ASME SB-435
• Rod, bar, wire, forging according to ASTM B 572 / ASME SB-572
• Seamless pipes according to ASTM B 622 / ASME SB-622
• Welded pipes according to ASTM B 619 / ASME SB-619, ASTM B 626 / ASME SB-626
• Fittings according to ASTM B 366 / ASME SB-366
• Forgings according to ASTM B 564 / ASME SB-564