Alloy 400, 2.4360, UNS N04400, Monel® alloy 400 - nickel alloy

Alloy 400, 2.4360, UNS N04400, Monel® alloy 400 - nickel alloy according to ASTM B127-19 and DIN 17752

Alloy 400, 2.4360, UNS N04400, Monel® alloy 400 – description

Alloy 400 (Monel® alloy 400, UNS N04400) is a solid-solution Ni-Cu corrosion-resistant alloy. It's extremely resistant to Stress-Corrosion Cracking It was the first useful corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloy, developed as early as 1905. It can be hardened by cold working. It is approved for pressure vessels from -10 up to 425°C according to VdTUV Material Sheet 263 and up to 480°C by ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

Applications

Used in offshore engineering, shipbuilding and chemical processing for fasteners, fixtures, pumps, valves, propeller shafts, springs, tans, crude petrol stills, pipes, andheat exchangers.

Physical and Tensile Properties

Room temperature physical properties:

• Density: 8.8 g/cm³
• Melting Temperature: 1300-1350 °C
• Magnetic Permeability: 1.0006
• Curie Temperature: 20-50 °C
• Poisson's Ratio: 0.32

High-Temperature Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, from 20°C to:

• 100°C: 13.8 μm/m⋅K
• 200°C: 14.5 μm/m⋅K
• 300°C: 14.9 μm/m⋅K
• 400°C: 15.2 μm/m⋅K
• 500°C: 15.6 μm/m⋅K
• 600°C: 16.0 μm/m⋅K
• 700°C: 16.4 μm/m⋅K
• 800°C: 16.8 μm/m⋅K
• 900°C: 17.3 μm/m⋅K

Thermal Conductivity:

• 20°C: 23.0 W/m · K
• 100°C: 25.4 W/m · K
• 200°C: 28.7 W/m · K
• 300°C: 31.9 W/m · K
• 400°C: 34.7 W/m · K
• 500°C: 38.4 W/m · K
• 600°C: 41.2 W/m · K
• 700°C: 43.1 W/m · K
• 800°C: 45.1 W/m · K
• 900°C: 47.5 W/m · K
• 1000°C: 50 W/m · K
• 1150°C: 52.9 W/m · K

Specific Heat Capacity:

• 20°C: 452 J/kg⋅K
• 100°C: 461 J/kg⋅K
• 200°C: 473 J/kg⋅K
• 300°C: 484 J/kg⋅K
• 400°C: 495 J/kg⋅K
• 500°C: 523 J/kg⋅K
• 600°C: 544 J/kg⋅K
• 700°C: 555 J/kg⋅K
• 800°C: 566 J/kg⋅K
• 900°C: 577 J/kg⋅K
• 1000°C: 587 J/kg⋅K
• 1150°C: 603 J/kg⋅K

Electrical Resistivity:

• 20°C: 0.513 μΩ·m
• 100°C: 0.54 μΩ·m
• 200°C: 0.555 μΩ·m
• 300°C: 0.575 μΩ·m
• 400°C: 0.585 μΩ·m
• 500°C: 0.6 μΩ·m
• 600°C: 0.618 μΩ·m
• 700°C: 0.635 μΩ·m
• 800°C: 0.655 μΩ·m
• 900°C: 0.675 μΩ·m

Young's Modulus:

• 20°C: 182 GPa
• 100°C: 180 GPa
• 200°C: 177 GPa
• 300°C: 170 GPa
• 400°C: 165 GPa
• 500°C: 150 GPa

Mechanical Properties of Alloy K500 rods and bars according to DIN 17752:

• Temper Designation F45:
  • Yield strength: >180 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >450 MPa
  • Elongation: >35 %
• Temper Designation F55:
  • Yield strength: >300 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >550 MPa
  • Elongation: >25 %
  • Hardness: 170 HBW
• Temper Designation F70:
  • Yield strength: >650 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >700 MPa
  • Elongation: >3 %
  • Hardness: 225 HBW

Mechanical Properties of Alloy K500 plates and sheets according to DIN 17750:

• Temper Designation F45:
  • Yield strength: >175 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >450 MPa
  • Elongation: >30 %
  • Hardness: <150 HBW
• Temper Designation F55:
  • Yield strength: >280 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >550 MPa
  • Elongation: >25 %
  • Hardness: 170 HBW
• Temper Designation F70:
  • Yield strength: >650 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >700 MPa
  • Elongation: >2 %
  • Hardness: 210 HBW

High-Temperature Mechanical Properties of Alloy 400 according to VdTÜV Material Sheet 263:

• 100°C:
  • Yield strength: >150 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >420 MPa
• 200°C:
  • Yield strength: >135 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >390 MPa
• 300°C:
  • Yield strength: >130 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >380 MPa
• 425°C:
  • Yield strength: >130 MPa
  • Tensile strength: >370 MPa

Corrosion Resistance

Very high resistance to both oxidizing and reducing media. Suitable for service in a variety of environments.

Seawater - exceptional resistance. Resistant to stress corrosion cracking and pitting, although stagnant conditions may induce pitting and crevice corrosion.

Oil well environment - very good resistance, confirmed by NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156, API 6ACRA. One of the most resistant alloys to hydrofluoric acid up to the boiling point in all concentrations.

Weldability

Good weldability with the common welding processes. The material should be in the solution-annealed condition. Post-welding heat treatment is not required. Adhere to standard welding practices applicable to special stainless steels and nickel alloys.

Filler metal - VDM® FM 60 (2.4377), VDM WS 60, Monel® filler metal 60, S Ni 4060, UNS N04060, ERNiCu-7.

Heat Treatment, Working and Machining

Recommended work and heat treatment parameters:

• Hot forming: 1200-800°C
• Heavy forging: 1200-1025°C
• Soft annealing: 700-900°C
• Tempering: 550-650°C

Cold-working alloy 400 is relatively easy. The forces required and the rate of work hardening are between those of mild steel and type 304 stainless steel.

We deliver this steel alloy as:

• Bars according to DIN 17743, 17750, ISO 6208, ASMT B127 / ASME SB-127, SAE AMS 4544, VdTÜV 263, NACE MR 0175/ISO 15156, MR 0103, QQ-N-281 Form 4,6
• Strips according to DIN 17743, ISO 6208, ASTM B 127 / ASME SB-127, SAE AMS 4544, NACE MR 0175 / ISO 15156, API 5LD, QQ-N-281 Form 5
• Bars, rods and forgings according to DIN 17743, 17752, 17754, VdTÜV 263, ISO 9723, ASTM B 164 / ASME SB-164, ASTM B564 / ASME SB-164, SAE AMS 4675, NACE MR 0175 / ISO 15156, MR 0103, QQ-N-281 form 1,2