Annealing in English and Polish

There are seldom technical English-Polish dictionaries online. We came up with this series of articles to change it. This article is focused on annealing and related processes.

Annealing in English and Polish

Air patenting - patentowanie w powietrzu; See also: patenting.

Annealing - wyżarzanie - heat treatment of a metal or alloy that increases its ductility and reduces its hardness. It involves heating a piece to a predetermined temperature, holding for a certain time and the cooling to room temperature.

Annealing bay, annealing department, annealing plant - wyżarzalnia.

Bell annealing - wyżarzanie w piecu.

Blackheart process - wyżarzanie grafityzujące żeliwa ciągliwego - a type of annealing process done on the white cast iron, producing malleable cast iron with the dark fracture, hence the name.

Box annealing - wyżarzanie czyste - takes place in a closed box to prevent oxidation.

Bright annealing - wyżarzanie bez nalotu, wyżarzanie jasne - takes place in an inert atmosphere to inhibit oxidation, so that the surface of the piece remains relatively bright.

Clean annealing - wyżarzanie bez nalotu, wyżarzanie jasne; See also: Bright annealing.

Close annealing - wyżarzanie czyste; See also: Box annealing.

Cycle annealing - wyżarzanie izotermiczne; See also: Isothermal annealing.

Dead annealing - wyżarzanie zupełne; See also: Full annealing.

Decarburization annealing - wyżarzanie odwęglające; See also: Whiteheart process.

Dehydrogenation - wyżarzanie przeciwpłatkowe.

Flame annealing - wyżarzanie płomieniowe.

Full annealing - wyżarzanie zupełne - consists of heating steel to a temperature 30-50°C above A_c3, A_cm and holding. Cooling from A_c3 to A_c1 has to be very slow, best cool in the furnace. Further cooling may be carried out in air. Quite a time consuming and expensive, so generally only applied to quality alloy steel.

Graphitizing - wyżarzanie grafityzujące - has an effect of turning cementite into ferrite and graphite.

Heat refining - wyżarzanie normalizujące; See also: Normalizing.

Homogenizing annealing - wyżarzanie ujednorodniające - makes the chemical composition of steel more homogenous, to counter microsegregation. It consists of heating the piece to a temperature 100-200°C below solidus, holding and cooling.

Hydrogen annealing - wyżarzanie w atmosferze wodoru - takes place in a hydrogen atmosphere to inhibit oxidation.

Intermediate annealing, interannealing - wyżarzanie międzyoperacyjne - is done in between few stages of cold working, before final treatment; See also: recrystallization annealing.

Isothermal annealing - wyżarzanie izotermiczne - consists of heating the steel to a temperature 30-50°C above A_c3, A_cm, holding, cooling to the A_c1 temperature, holding again, then cooling in air. It's applied to those quality alloys, which wouldn't become sufficiently ductile after full annealing.

Lead patenting - patentowanie w kąpieli ołowiowej; See also: patenting.

Non-oxidizing annealing - wyżarzanie bez nalotu, wyżarzanie jasne; See also: Bright annealing.

Normalizing, normalization - wyżarzanie normalizujące - consists of heating the steel to a temperature 30-50°C above A_c3, A_cm, holding and cooling in air. It's applied to a quality alloys steel if the full annealing wouldn't sufficiently increase ductility.

Old process patenting - patentowanie w powietrzu; See also: patenting.

Open coil annealing - wyżarzanie taśm w kręgach luźno zwiniętych.

Pack annealing - wyżarzanie pakietami (blach).

Patenting - patentowanie (drutów) - a type of isothermal annealing, consists of heating up to 900-1100°C, isothermal cooling in 500-550°C, followed by cold working.

Recrystallization annealing - wyżarzanie rekrystalizujące - is done in between few stages of cold working, particularly rolling and consists of heating and holding above recrystallization temperature.

Salt-bath patenting - patentowanie w kąpieli solnej; See also: patenting.

Seasoning - odprężanie sezonujące, sezonowanie - a type of stress relieving, consists of holding a piece in room temperature for a long period of time - months, sometimes years.

Selective annealing - wyżarzanie miejscowe.

Short-cycle annealing - wyżarzanie przyspieszone.

Soft annealing, softening - wyżarzanie zmiękczające.

Spheroidizing annealing - wyżarzanie sferoidyzujące - forms spheroidite or cementite. This type of annealing consists of heating the piece to the A_c1 temperature, holding, cooling slowly to 600°C, then cooling in air.

Stabilizing - odprężanie stabilizujące, stabilizowanie - a type of stress relieving, which consists of heating up to 150°C, holding and cooling. It removes stress caused by casting while ensuring dimensional stability.

Stress relieving, Stress relief annealing - wyżarzanie odprężające - relieves stress caused by either casting, welding, cold working or heat shock. It consists of heating the piece below A_Ac1temperature, holding and cooling. The exact heating temperature and holding time may vary quite a lot. Stress relief doesn't change the structure much.

Sub-critical annealing - wyżarzanie podkrytyczne.

True annealing - wyżarzanie zupełne; See also: Full annealing.

Under-annealing - wyżarzanie niezupełne.

Vacuum bright annealing - wyżarzanie próżniowe - takes place in a vacuum to prevent oxidation.

White annealing - wyżarzanie bez nalotu, wyżarzanie jasne; See also: Bright annealing.

Whiteheart process - wyżarzanie odwęglające - a type of annealing process done on the white cast iron, producing malleable cast iron with the steely-white fracture, hence the name.